Once a patient starts to show symptoms he or she usually dies within 10 days. Most victims are young men or boys who are bitten after taunting dogs. Dr Elio-Villa said that she hopes to start mass immunisation programmes and to set up rural bite treatment centres. National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. Journal List BMJ v. Claire Wallerstein. Author information Copyright and License information Disclaimer.
Perreras added. So even if there are a few human rabies cases, I would say it really is alarming, because there is no treatment option once the patient is showing neurological symptoms already. She noted that, while most rabies cases can be transmitted through a bite, scratches from pets should not be overlooked.
According to Dr. Nicole, rabies-infected animal bites have two phases: the incubation phase and the neurological phase. It depends on several factors including the site of entry of the virus into the body. Generally, the closer the bite is to the brain, the quicker the progress of the rabies disease. Once neurological signs appear, the disease progresses rapidly to death. It could be muscle pain, fever and body aches.
Then eventually, once the virus has traveled to the brain, the animal bite patient can experience fear of air or aerophobia, fear of water or hydrophobia and hypersalivation. These symptoms are very specific to rabies. It signifies involvement of brain stems.
You really cannot predict when will the patient exhibit symptoms. And It would really lead to death without prevention and early treatment. Although rabies can be fatal, nothing can beat the benefits of correct first aid measures. That simple measure can do wonders. How is rabies transmitted anyway? It is through the saliva of an infected animal. It decreases your risk of rabies by 40 percent. And that is also the reason we educate people that, before even running to an animal bite center or clinic, wash the wound first for 10 to 15 minutes with running water.
For example, once the patient is bitten quite severely, we give vaccine and then immunoglobulin. And then the patient should have the postexposure vaccine, of course. Once you have the vaccine, be it preexposure or postexposure vaccine, once given correctly, you have a significant chance of not contracting the disease. Bats have small teeth and their bites don't always leave visible marks, yet rabies can still spread through infected saliva, the CDC warned.
The agency also recommends calling your state or local health department or animal control to help trap the bat to be tested for rabies. Testing a bat can help determine if a treatment known as post-exposure prophylaxis, or PEP, is necessary. PEP consists of a dose of human rabies immune globulin and rabies vaccine followed by three more doses of the vaccine over the next 14 days, according to the CDC.
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